Articles
Shopping Tips
We offer many varieties of garlic for sale with shipment late in the summer/early in autumn each year (order early…in June or July or early August…to ensure we don’t run out of your favorite kinds!). Order online for your convenience & get free shipping via our main site.
- Harvest begins in July
- We do allow some pre-orders each year, but will limit them to ensure we harvest enough of each variety. Even with conservative estimating, we can run short on garlic if weather causes a problem.
- Shipping typically begins in August or September, after the garlic cures/dries.
- Please unpack your garlic the same day it arrives so it can “breathe.”
- If you experience any problems with the shopping cart please email me to order pdfarms@live.com
All garlic seed for sale includes free shipping & is grown on our small micro farm in Elgin Oregon – Greifs Gourmet Garlic!
Customers placing orders via the shopping cart should receive an e-mail at the time the order is shipped.
Upon receipt, please open your garlic immediately and store in a cool, dry place until planting.
Timing of shipping varies with harvest dates, drying times, and other factors.
Insurance or Signature Confirmation Deliveries are Possible, but Not Currently Included in the Shipping Fee.
If you want insurance to cover your package, contact us. This is not included in the shipping fee. We can easily bill you for the amount necessary to cover insurance.
“What Kind of Garlic Should I Buy?”
This is a common question we hear from our friends and customers. There are many varieties, and amazingly, they really do differ! Some are mild, some are very flavorful, some are hot and spicy. A few varieties seem to be our favorites for roasting, and a few are great minced/crushed and eaten raw and fresh on salads. Hardnecks, softnecks…it can be confusing!
New to our site this year is a “Garlic Variety Picker” page that we developed to help you choose which varieties are best for you. Click here to use the tool.
“How Much Garlic Should I Buy?”
Because we have access to fresh garlic and its superior flavor, we have increased our garlic use exponentially in recent years! We think this happens with our customers as well.
The real garlic flavor of fresh, home-grown garlic is so much better than what comes from store-bought powdered garlic or the old garlic purchased in stores’ produce sections and from bottles…fresh garlic flavor and aroma are addicting as well as healthy! We use garlic (roasted, minced fresh, minced frozen, minced dried, powdered from last year’s crop, etc.) almost every day. It goes in homemade bread, casseroles, dips, in almost all main dishes, and more.
A sound suggestion would be “don’t short yourself.”
- For example, if you used 2 cloves per day on average, that would mean you need to raise over 700 cloves per year, or around 70-90 garlic bulbs. Depending upon the variety and the size, you should order 5 to 11 pounds of garlic to plant.
- If you sell at Farmer’s Markets, be prepared. These large, fresh, flavorful bulbs from your garlic patch will sell better than hotcakes!
And don’t forget to grow a little extra to share with family and friends… 🙂
For Larger Planting Areas
Under construction 9/2/2010
(Length of Rows) x (2 to 4 seeds per foot) x (Number of Rows) / (# of Seeds Per Pound) = Pounds Needed
Note that the # of Seeds Per Pound will always be an estimate due to variances in bulb sizes, bulbs per pound, and seeds per bulb…and therefore, seeds per pound.
BREAKING DOWN THE NUMBERS
1. Number of Seeds per Row: Multiply the length of your row by 2, as you will probably plant one seed every 5 to 6 inches. However, some sources suggest 3 to 5 inches for spacing, so adjust this number as per your preferred spacing. If you space your garlic every 3 inches, you should use the number “4” in the equation, for example.
2. Number of Rows: Some people plant a single row, with a 2 or 3 foot gap between each row (to allow for mulch or tilling for weed control). Others plant two rows a few inches apart, and then a 2 or 3 foot gap. Still others will plant in more of a “bed” type situation, with 6 or 8 rows close together, and then a 2 or 3 foot gap between. Decide what will work best for your situation, and determine the number of rows you will have.
3. Total Number of Seeds Needed: Determine how many seeds you will need for the length or your rows, and multiply by the number of rows you will fit into your area. For example, a 100′ row would have 200 or more seeds if they were spaced 5 to 6″ apart. If you have 100′-long rows, and have 10 rows, then you would need 100 x 2 x 10 = 2000 seeds (length of row times seeds per foot times number of rows).
4. Calculate the Number of Pounds Needed: After calculating your seed needs in terms of numbers comes the tricky part, because the differing varieties have different numbers of cloves in each pound of seed. For example, some garlics have 4 seeds per bulb, while others have 20 or more seeds per bulb. Also, one variety might average 8 bulbs in a pound of large-sized garlic, while another might average 6 bulbs per pound, and another might require 12 bulbs to make a pound. Medium-sized garlic might have around 18 bulbs per pound. Once you decide on a variety, you can calculate seeds based upon those varieties’ average clove numbers per bulb and average bulbs per pound.
EXAMPLES
Using Music and Lorz as examples, and assuming a 6″ spacing:
Estimating Music:
- Approximately 5 cloves per bulb, ~8 bulbs per pound equals 40 cloves per pound (cloves x bulbs per pound).
- (your total number of cloves needed) divided by 40 equals how many pounds of Music you would need.
- A 100′ row would require approximately 5 pounds of Music if planted 6″ apart.
- Math: 100 x 2 seeds per foot = 200 seeds needed. 200 % 40 seeds per pound = 5 pounds of seed.
Estimating Lorz Italian:
- ~10 to 18 cloves per bulb, but using 10 to estimate (planting the larger cloves helps result in a larger-bulbed harvest), ~8 bulbs per pound equals 80 cloves per pound.
- (your total number of cloves needed) divided by 80 equals how many pounds of Lorz Italian you would need.
- A 100′ row would require approximately 2.5 pounds of Lorz if planted 6″ apart.
- Math: 100 feet x 2 seeds per foot = 200 seeds needed. 200 % 80 seeds per pound = 2.5 pounds.
Planting a 4″ spacing (3 seeds per foot) within the row would result in different seed needs:
Estimating Music:
- Approximately 5 cloves per bulb, ~8 bulbs per pound equals 40 cloves per pound (cloves x bulbs per pound).
- (your total number of cloves needed) divided by 40 equals how many pounds of Music you would need.
- A 100′ row would require approximately 7.5 pounds of Music if planted 4″ apart.
- Math: 100 x 3 seeds per foot = 300 seeds needed. 300 % 40 seeds per pound = 7.5 pounds of seed.
Estimating Lorz Italian:
- ~10 to 18 cloves per bulb, but using 10 to estimate (planting the larger cloves helps result in a larger-bulbed harvest), ~8 bulbs per pound equals 80 cloves per pound.
- (your total number of cloves needed) divided by 80 equals how many pounds of Lorz Italian you would need.
- A 100′ row would require approximately 4 pounds of Lorz if planted 4″ apart.
- Math: 100 feet x 3 seeds per foot = 300 seeds needed. 300 % 80 seeds per pound = 4 pounds.
Estimate of Seeds/Pound
Based upon an average from variety descriptions.
Which Size Should You Buy?
Garlic varieties can vary quite a bit in size. For example, Elephant Garlic bulbs can reach sizes between baseball and softball dimensions in your garden. See individual descriptions on our Garlic Varieties page for more about how the varieties differ in size.
For example, let’s look at one variety, such as German Red. Each year, German Red (and all varieties) has some huge bulbs, some medium bulbs, and a few small bulbs.
The largest of bulbs are obviously our “top grade,”
but the medium-sized bulbs are still awesome garlic!
A comparison of bulb size and weight, using German Red as an example.
On the left is one pound of German Red, average-sized bulbs.
On the right is one pound of German Red, large-sized bulbs.
- The largest bulbs in each variety are recommended for planting if you want your garden’s harvest to consist of really large bulbs with large cloves. The larger bulbs are generally over 2″ in diameter, although some are 3″ (depending upon variety). An example of large-sized bulbs is the grouping on the right in the photo above.
- Average-sized bulbs (generally up to 2″ in diameter) are economical for those wanting more cloves (because our garlic is sold by weight, and not by the number of the bulbs or cloves). If you want to plant in your garden with the harvest consisting of average-sized to large-sized bulbs, the smaller-sized bulbs may be better for you. An example of smaller (average-sized) bulbs is the grouping on the left in the photo above.
- Small-sized bulbs are the ones we eat here at home, as well as the average sizes. We do not typically offer the small bulbs for sale.
Our varieties are generally available in two sizes each year (the shopping cart allows you to select a size): Large and Medium.
Articles
How to Learn and Study Fast: Efficient Learning Techniques
How to Learn and Study Fast is crucial in today’s fast-paced world. With proper techniques, you can absorb and retain information quicker, making your efforts more rewarding. This article dives into strategies for mastering the art of learning swiftly and efficiently.
Why Learning Fast Matters
In an era where information is at our fingertips, the ability to learn quickly is a competitive advantage. Whether preparing for exams, acquiring a new skill, or mastering a hobby, adopting effective learning methods can save time and enhance understanding.
Proven Strategies for Learning and Studying Faster
- Active Recall and Spaced Repetition
- Active Recall: This involves actively retrieving information from memory instead of passively reviewing it. Methods include using flashcards, self-quizzing, or explaining concepts aloud.
- Spaced Repetition: This technique ensures you revisit learned material over gradually increasing intervals, reinforcing retention and reducing forgetting.
- Optimize Your Environment
- Minimize distractions by keeping your phone away.
- Study in a clean, well-lit space with all necessary materials at hand.
- Use the Pomodoro Technique
- Break study sessions into focused intervals (e.g., 25 minutes of work followed by a 5-minute break).
- This prevents mental fatigue and improves focus.
- Make Connections
- Relate new information to existing knowledge. For example, connect historical events to current issues to deepen understanding.
- Review Regularly
- Consistent review prevents cramming and ensures information stays fresh in your memory.
- Summarize key points after each session.
- Adopt Multiple Learning Methods
- Combine visual aids, hands-on practice, and reading aloud to engage multiple senses.
- Research highlights how altering learning methods boosts retention.
- Get Proper Sleep
- Sleep is critical for consolidating memories and enhancing problem-solving skills.
- Aim for 7–9 hours of quality sleep each night.
- Teach What You Learn
- Explaining topics to others solidifies your understanding and identifies knowledge gaps.
Comparison of Effective Study Techniques
Technique | Description | Best For | Tools/Examples |
---|---|---|---|
Active Recall | Retrieving information actively | Long-term retention | Flashcards, self-quizzes |
Spaced Repetition | Reviewing material at increasing intervals | Retaining vast information | Digital flashcard tools |
Pomodoro Technique | Timed study sessions with breaks | Staying focused | Timer apps |
Multisensory Learning | Using visuals, audio, and hands-on practice | Complex concepts | Visual aids, concept maps |
Teaching Others | Explaining to peers | Deep understanding | Study groups, tutoring |
Incorporate Technology
Modern apps and platforms can accelerate your learning journey:
- Language Apps: For learning languages effectively.
- Education Platforms: For diverse academic subjects.
- Online Courses: For professional and personal skill enhancement.
Additional Tips for Faster Learning
- Set Clear Goals: Break large tasks into smaller, manageable objectives.
- Stay Hydrated and Eat Well: Proper nutrition boosts brain function.
- Take Regular Breaks: Short breaks improve productivity and prevent burnout.
Conclusion: How to Learn and Study Fast
How to Learn and Study Fast is not about rushing but optimizing. By integrating strategies like active recall, spaced repetition, and environment optimization, you can significantly improve your efficiency. Remember, consistency and a balanced approach are key.
For a more engaging dive into these strategies, explore resources that offer step-by-step guidance and expert insights.
Articles
Nevada Apostille: Understanding and Obtaining Apostilles Nevada
If you are looking to authenticate important documents for international use, especially in countries that are signatories to the Hague Convention, a Nevada Apostille is essential. This guide provides detailed information on what an apostille is, why you may need it, and the process to obtain one in Nevada.
What is a Nevada Apostille?
An apostille is a certificate that authenticates the origin of a public document for international use. Issued by the state’s Secretary of State, it verifies that the signatures and seals on your document are genuine, making it legally valid in countries that participate in the Hague Convention. For countries that are not part of the Convention, a different form of authentication (a certification) may be required.
Types of Documents That Can Be Apostilled in Nevada
Nevada Apostilles can be obtained for various types of documents, both personal and business-related. These documents generally fall into three categories:
- Documents Signed by Individuals:
- Personal documents such as affidavits, powers of attorney, and corporate resolutions.
- Academic documents like diplomas, transcripts, and certifications (e.g., GED, degrees).
- Business-related documents such as contracts and agreements, stock certificates, and company bylaws.
- Documents Signed by Nevada State Officials:
- Government-issued documents, including birth certificates, marriage licenses, and police clearances.
- Corporate documents such as Articles of Incorporation, Certificates of Good Standing, and business licenses.
- Federal Documents:
- Documents issued by federal agencies like the FDA or USDA, such as certificates of free sale, health certificates, and animal health certificates.
- Documents issued by federal agencies like the FDA or USDA, such as certificates of free sale, health certificates, and animal health certificates.
How to Get a Nevada Apostille
To request an apostille in Nevada, follow these steps:
- Prepare the Document:
- Ensure the document is either notarized or a certified copy issued by the relevant Nevada state office.
- If your document is issued by a state or federal agency, no further notarization may be required.
- Submit the Document to the Nevada Secretary of State:
- You can submit the original notarized or certified document in person or by mail to the Nevada Secretary of State’s office.
- Include your contact information and specify the foreign country where the document will be used.
- Pay the Fee:
- The cost for an apostille in Nevada is typically around $20 per document.
- Receive Your Apostilled Document:
- Once processed, your document will be returned with the apostille attached, certifying its authenticity for international use.
- Once processed, your document will be returned with the apostille attached, certifying its authenticity for international use.
Differences Between Apostilles and Certifications
- Apostille: Used for countries that are members of the Hague Convention. It is a simplified form of authentication recognized by participating countries.
- Certification: Required for documents going to countries that are not part of the Hague Convention. This process often involves additional verification by the U.S. Department of State or the foreign country’s embassy.
Common Use Cases for Nevada Apostilles
- For Personal Use: Apostilles are often required for international adoptions, marriage registrations, or official recognition of documents like birth or death certificates.
- For Business Use: Companies often need apostilled documents when expanding internationally, forming foreign subsidiaries, or submitting documents to foreign governments for trade or business purposes.
- For Academic Use: Transcripts, diplomas, and other academic records often require apostilles for use in foreign educational institutions or employment applications abroad.
Comparison Chart: Apostille vs. Certification
Factor | Apostille | Certification |
---|---|---|
Applicable Countries | Countries part of the Hague Convention | Countries not part of the Hague Convention |
Required Steps | Notarized document, submission to State | Notarized document, additional federal/embassy authentication |
Time and Cost | Typically quicker and less expensive | More time-consuming and costly |
Authentication Body | State Secretary of State | U.S. Department of State or embassy |
FAQs
- Can I get an apostille for any document in Nevada?
No, only public documents issued or notarized in Nevada can be apostilled by the state. For documents issued in other states, you will need to contact the respective Secretary of State. - How long does it take to get an apostille in Nevada?
Processing times vary. It can take a few days to a week for mail-in requests. In-person submissions may be processed more quickly. - What is the cost of a Nevada apostille?
The fee is generally $20 per document.
For detailed step-by-step instructions on how to get a Nevada apostille, consider visiting the relevant state authority’s website.
Conclusion
Obtaining a Nevada apostille is a straightforward process that can help you authenticate your documents for use internationally. Whether you are handling personal, business, or academic paperwork, understanding the distinction between an apostille and certification, and following the correct steps for submission, will ensure that your documents are properly legalized for use abroad.
Articles
GDP Behind the Scenes: Stories of Economic Measurement
Introduction
“GDP behind the scenes” refers to the lesser-known intricacies and hidden aspects of how GDP is calculated, interpreted, and utilized as a measure of economic performance. While the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a widely used indicator, the full picture it offers is often incomplete. This article unpacks the unseen layers behind GDP, revealing the nuances, limitations, and broader implications that shape its relevance in today’s complex economies.
The Basics of GDP: A Quick Recap
GDP measures the monetary value of all finished goods and services produced within a country over a specific time. Its calculation is foundational to assessing a nation’s economic health and includes the following approaches:
- Production Approach: Calculates the value-added across industries.
- Income Approach: Focuses on total earnings from wages, profits, and rents.
- Expenditure Approach: Measures spending by households, businesses, and the government.
These figures are often treated as benchmarks for growth, but what lies beneath deserves closer scrutiny.
What Lies Behind GDP?
1. The Informal Economy
GDP overlooks informal sectors such as unregistered businesses, household labor, and the underground economy. For developing nations, these sectors can be substantial, representing unmeasured economic contributions.
2. Environmental and Social Costs
While GDP increases with industrial growth, it fails to subtract environmental degradation, pollution, or resource depletion. Adjusted metrics like the Green GDP offer a more sustainable perspective.
3. Income Inequality
GDP growth often conceals disparities. For instance, rising GDP may not reflect equitable income distribution, as benefits might disproportionately favor the wealthiest.
4. Non-Market Contributions
Activities like volunteering or household caregiving significantly impact societal well-being but are excluded from GDP calculations. This omission presents a skewed view of economic output.
5. Quality of Life
GDP doesn’t account for health, education, or happiness—essential factors in gauging true societal progress. Metrics like the Human Development Index (HDI) complement GDP by addressing these gaps.
How Policymakers Use GDP Behind the Scenes
GDP heavily influences fiscal policies, interest rates, and international comparisons. Yet, an overemphasis on GDP can lead to short-term growth strategies that ignore sustainability and social equity.
Complementary metrics are crucial to addressing this imbalance.
Comparison Chart: GDP and Its Alternatives
Metric | Key Focus | What It Captures | Use Case |
---|---|---|---|
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) | Total economic output | Quantitative growth only | Monitoring productivity |
Green GDP | Sustainability | Environmental impact of growth | Evaluating eco-friendly policies |
Human Development Index (HDI) | Well-being | Health, education, income equality | Gauging societal progress |
Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) | Holistic economic health | Adjusts for inequality and environmental costs | Long-term policy development |
Challenges in Relying Solely on GDP
- Shortcomings in Global Comparisons: Currency fluctuations and cost of living differences can distort GDP comparisons between nations.
- Lack of Predictive Value: GDP doesn’t inherently predict future economic stability.
- Encouraging Unsustainable Practices: Policies driven by GDP maximization often neglect long-term environmental and social welfare.
Exploring the Hidden Value of GDP Alternatives
Alternative metrics like the Gross National Happiness Index (GNHI) and the Social Progress Index (SPI) provide a richer understanding of economic success, focusing on holistic development rather than mere output.
Conclusion
Exploring the GDP behind the scenes unveils its limitations and highlights the necessity for alternative measures to ensure balanced, equitable growth. While GDP remains a cornerstone of economic analysis, its shortcomings must be addressed through complementary approaches that prioritize sustainability, well-being, and inclusivity
-
Articles8 months ago
How Many Times Can You Regrow Green Onions
-
Entertainment6 months ago
Bare it All: Unforgettable Skinny Dipping Stories Shared
-
News3 months ago
Understanding HotLeaks: What You Need to Know
-
Technology6 months ago
The Wonders of Oh Em Gee Blog
-
Fashion7 months ago
Make a Statement with Stunning Black Homecoming Dresses
-
Articles8 months ago
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SEED GARLIC AND FOOD GARLIC?
-
Technology6 months ago
Navigating TG Tube: Your Guide to Transgender Content Online
-
Articles8 months ago
HOW TO CHOOSE YOUR FAVORITE GARLIC VARIETIES?