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Shopping Tips

We offer many varieties of garlic for sale with shipment late in the summer/early in autumn each year (order early…in June or July or early August…to ensure we don’t run out of your favorite kinds!).  Order online for your convenience & get free shipping via our main site.

  • Harvest begins in July
  • We do allow some pre-orders each year, but will limit them to ensure we harvest enough of each variety. Even with conservative estimating, we can run short on garlic if weather causes a problem.
  • Shipping typically begins in August or September, after the garlic cures/dries.
  • Please unpack your garlic the same day it arrives so it can “breathe.”
  • If you experience any problems with the shopping cart please email me to order pdfarms@live.com

All garlic seed for sale includes free shipping & is grown on our small micro farm in Elgin Oregon – Greifs Gourmet Garlic!

Customers placing orders via the shopping cart should receive an e-mail at the time the order is shipped.
Upon receipt, please open your garlic immediately and store in a cool, dry place until planting.
Timing of shipping varies with harvest dates, drying times, and other factors.

Insurance or Signature Confirmation Deliveries are Possible, but Not Currently Included in the Shipping Fee.

If you want insurance to cover your package, contact us. This is not included in the shipping fee. We can easily bill you for the amount necessary to cover insurance.

“What Kind of Garlic Should I Buy?”

This is a common question we hear from our friends and customers. There are many varieties, and amazingly, they really do differ! Some are mild, some are very flavorful, some are hot and spicy. A few varieties seem to be our favorites for roasting, and a few are great minced/crushed and eaten raw and fresh on salads. Hardnecks, softnecks…it can be confusing!

New to our site this year is a “Garlic Variety Picker” page that we developed to help you choose which varieties are best for you. Click here to use the tool.

“How Much Garlic Should I Buy?”

Because we have access to fresh garlic and its superior flavor, we have increased our garlic use exponentially in recent years! We think this happens with our customers as well.

The real garlic flavor of fresh, home-grown garlic is so much better than what comes from store-bought powdered garlic or the old garlic purchased in stores’ produce sections and from bottles…fresh garlic flavor and aroma are addicting as well as healthy! We use garlic (roasted, minced fresh, minced frozen, minced dried, powdered from last year’s crop, etc.) almost every day. It goes in homemade bread, casseroles, dips, in almost all main dishes, and more.

A sound suggestion would be “don’t short yourself.”

  • For example, if you used 2 cloves per day on average, that would mean you need to raise over 700 cloves per year, or around 70-90 garlic bulbs. Depending upon the variety and the size, you should order 5 to 11 pounds of garlic to plant.
  • If you sell at Farmer’s Markets, be prepared. These large, fresh, flavorful bulbs from your garlic patch will sell better than hotcakes!

And don’t forget to grow a little extra to share with family and friends… 🙂

For Larger Planting Areas

Under construction 9/2/2010

(Length of Rows)  x  (2 to 4 seeds per foot)  x  (Number of Rows)  /  (# of Seeds Per Pound)  =  Pounds Needed
Note that the # of Seeds Per Pound will always be an estimate due to variances in bulb sizes, bulbs per pound, and seeds per bulb…and therefore, seeds per pound.

BREAKING DOWN THE NUMBERS

1. Number of Seeds per Row:  Multiply the length of your row by 2, as you will probably plant one seed every 5 to 6 inches. However, some sources suggest 3 to 5 inches for spacing, so adjust this number as per your preferred spacing. If you space your garlic every 3 inches, you should use the number “4” in the equation, for example.

2. Number of Rows: Some people plant a single row, with a 2 or 3 foot gap between each row (to allow for mulch or tilling for weed control). Others plant two rows a few inches apart, and then a 2 or 3 foot gap. Still others will plant in more of a “bed” type situation, with 6 or 8 rows close together, and then a 2 or 3 foot gap between. Decide what will work best for your situation, and determine the number of rows you will have.

3. Total Number of Seeds Needed:  Determine how many seeds you will need for the length or your rows, and multiply by the number of rows you will fit into your area. For example, a 100′ row would have 200 or more seeds if they were spaced 5 to 6″ apart. If you have 100′-long rows, and have 10 rows, then you would need 100 x 2 x 10 = 2000 seeds (length of row times seeds per foot times number of rows).

4. Calculate the Number of Pounds Needed:  After calculating your seed needs in terms of numbers comes the tricky part, because the differing varieties have different numbers of cloves in each pound of seed. For example, some garlics have 4 seeds per bulb, while others have 20 or more seeds per bulb. Also, one variety might average 8 bulbs in a pound of large-sized garlic, while another might average 6 bulbs per pound, and another might require 12 bulbs to make a pound. Medium-sized garlic might have around 18 bulbs per pound. Once you decide on a variety, you can calculate seeds based upon those varieties’ average clove numbers per bulb and average bulbs per pound.

EXAMPLES

Using Music and Lorz as examples, and assuming a 6″ spacing:

Estimating Music: 

  • Approximately 5 cloves per bulb, ~8 bulbs per pound equals 40 cloves per pound (cloves x bulbs per pound).
  • (your total number of cloves needed) divided by 40 equals how many pounds of Music you would need.
  • A 100′ row would require approximately 5 pounds of Music if planted 6″ apart.
  • Math: 100 x 2 seeds per foot = 200 seeds needed.   200 %  40 seeds per pound = 5 pounds of seed.

Estimating Lorz Italian:

  • ~10 to 18 cloves per bulb, but using 10 to estimate (planting the larger cloves helps result in a larger-bulbed harvest), ~8 bulbs per pound equals 80 cloves per pound.
  • (your total number of cloves needed) divided by 80 equals how many pounds of Lorz Italian you would need.
  • A 100′ row would require approximately 2.5 pounds of Lorz if planted 6″ apart.
  • Math: 100 feet x 2 seeds per foot = 200 seeds needed.  200 % 80 seeds per pound = 2.5 pounds.

Planting a 4″ spacing (3 seeds per foot) within the row would result in different seed needs:

Estimating Music: 

  • Approximately 5 cloves per bulb, ~8 bulbs per pound equals 40 cloves per pound (cloves x bulbs per pound).
  • (your total number of cloves needed) divided by 40 equals how many pounds of Music you would need.
  • A 100′ row would require approximately 7.5 pounds of Music if planted 4″ apart.
  • Math: 100 x 3 seeds per foot = 300 seeds needed.   300 % 40 seeds per pound = 7.5 pounds of seed.

Estimating Lorz Italian:

  •  ~10 to 18 cloves per bulb, but using 10 to estimate (planting the larger cloves helps result in a larger-bulbed harvest), ~8 bulbs per pound equals 80 cloves per pound.
  • (your total number of cloves needed) divided by 80 equals how many pounds of Lorz Italian you would need.
  • A 100′ row would require approximately 4 pounds of Lorz if planted 4″ apart. 
  • Math: 100 feet x 3 seeds per foot = 300 seeds needed.  300 % 80 seeds per pound = 4 pounds.

Estimate of Seeds/Pound
Based upon an average from variety descriptions.

Which Size Should You Buy?

Garlic varieties can vary quite a bit in size. For example, Elephant Garlic bulbs can reach sizes between baseball and softball dimensions in your garden. See individual descriptions on our Garlic Varieties page for more about how the varieties differ in size.

For example, let’s look at one variety, such as German Red. Each year, German Red (and all varieties) has some huge bulbs, some medium bulbs, and a few small bulbs.

The largest of bulbs are obviously our “top grade,”
but the medium-sized bulbs are still awesome garlic!


A comparison of bulb size and weight, using German Red as an example.
On the left is one pound of German Red, average-sized bulbs.
On the right is one pound of German Red, large-sized bulbs.

  • The largest bulbs in each variety are recommended for planting if you want your garden’s harvest to consist of really large bulbs with large cloves. The larger bulbs are generally over 2″ in diameter, although some are 3″ (depending upon variety). An example of large-sized bulbs is the grouping on the right in the photo above.
     
  • Average-sized bulbs (generally up to 2″ in diameter) are economical for those wanting more cloves (because our garlic is sold by weight, and not by the number of the bulbs or cloves). If you want to plant in your garden with the harvest consisting of average-sized to large-sized bulbs, the smaller-sized bulbs may be better for you.  An example of smaller (average-sized) bulbs is the grouping on the left in the photo above.
     
  • Small-sized bulbs are the ones we eat here at home, as well as the average sizes. We do not typically offer the small bulbs for sale.

Our varieties are generally available in two sizes each year (the shopping cart allows you to select a size): Large and Medium.

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How to Get Rid of Static in Clothes: Hacks That Actually Work

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How to Get Rid of Static in Clothes

Static cling is the annoying, crackling enemy of smooth outfits—especially in dry weather. Whether it’s your favorite dress sticking to tights or your hair standing on end, static can ruin your look (and your mood). But don’t worry—we’ve got science-backed, expert-approved solutions to banish static for good.

Here’s your ultimate guide on how to get rid of static in clothes, packed with quick fixes, long-term solutions, and even a handy comparison chart to pick the best method for you.

Why Do Clothes Get Static? (The Science Behind the Shock)

Static electricity happens when two materials rub together, causing electrons to transfer and create an imbalance. Dry air (low humidity) worsens it because moisture normally helps dissipate the charge. Common culprits:

  • Synthetic fabrics (polyester, nylon, rayon)
  • Dry winter air
  • Friction from laundry drying or walking on carpets

Now, let’s zap that static away!

10 Proven Ways to Eliminate Static in Clothes

1. Use a Fabric Softener or Dryer Sheets

How it works: Coats fibers with a lubricating layer to reduce friction.

  • Add liquid softener to the wash or toss a dryer sheet in with your load.
  • Pro Tip: For a natural alternative, use 1/4 cup white vinegar in the rinse cycle.

2. Spritz with Water or Hydrating Mist

A quick fix for static emergencies:

  • Lightly spray clothes with water (or mix water + a drop of hair conditioner).
  • Carry a travel-sized bottle for on-the-go de-staticing.

3. Rub with a Metal Hanger or Safety Pin

Metal discharges static electricity instantly.

  • Glide a hanger over the fabric’s surface or pin a safety pin to the inside seam.

4. Apply Lotion or Hand Cream to Skin

Dry skin worsens static. Moisturize your legs before wearing skirts/dresses to prevent cling.

5. Use Dryer Balls (Wool or Aluminum)

  • Wool dryer balls reduce drying time and soften fabrics naturally.
  • Aluminum balls (like Static Eliminator Reusable Dryer Balls) neutralize charges.

6. Wear Leather-Soled Shoes

Rubber soles trap static; leather dissipates it. Swap shoes if you’re getting constant shocks.

7. Keep Humidity Levels Balanced

  • Use a humidifier (ideal indoor humidity: 30–50%).
  • Place bowls of water near heaters in winter.

8. Anti-Static Spray (DIY or Store-Bought)

  • Mix 1 tbsp fabric softener + 1 cup water in a spray bottle.
  • Commercial sprays like Static Guard work instantly.

9. Choose Natural Fibers Over Synthetics

Cotton, linen, and wool generate less static than polyester or nylon.

10. Ground Yourself Before Dressing

Touch a metal doorknob or pipe to discharge built-up static before putting on clothes.

Static Solutions Comparison Chart

Method Speed Cost Best For
Dryer Sheets Slow (during laundry) $ Prevention
Metal Hanger Instant Free Quick fix
Humidifier Long-term $$ Whole-home solution
DIY Spray Instant $ Emergency use
Wool Dryer Balls Slow (during laundry) $$ Eco-friendly option

Prevention Tips: Stop Static Before It Starts

  1. Air-dry synthetic fabrics instead of machine-drying.
  2. Separate synthetic and natural fabrics in the wash.
  3. Add a damp towel to the dryer to boost moisture.

FAQs: How to Get Rid of Static in Clothes

Does baking soda remove static?
Yes! Add ½ cup to the wash to soften fabrics and reduce cling.

Why is static worse in winter?
Cold air holds less moisture, increasing static buildup.

Can static damage clothes?
Over time, yes—it weakens fibers. Prevent it to extend garment life.

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The Role of Biodegradability in Environmental Sustainability

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Biodegradability

The Significance of Biodegradability

Environmental sustainability is an increasingly pressing concern, compelling us to scrutinize the lifecycle impact of the products we consume. Biodegradable substances represent a growing solution to minimize waste, promoting a more harmonious balance with natural processes. Effective biodegradability testing is paramount in distinguishing materials capable of returning to the earth from those that accrue as enduring waste, challenging our ecosystem’s resilience. The ability of a product to decompose naturally after its functional use has receded is emerging as a defining factor for conscious consumers and innovative manufacturers alike.

When products biodegrade, they are broken down by natural agents such as bacteria, fungi, and other biological processes. This natural cycle inhibits the enlargement of landfills and lessens the release of CH4 (methane), a potent greenhouse gas contributing to climate change. By opting for biodegradable materials, industries take the initiative to lower their carbon footprint and demonstrate accountability for the total environmental cost of their products. The increasing importance of biodegradability in consumer choices reflects a societal shift towards protecting the ecological systems that sustain life on our planet.

Biodegradability Testing: What It Entails

Biodegradability testing is a rigorous scientific evaluation that measures how quickly and effectively materials break down in environmental conditions. This process provides essential insights into a product’s ecological impact, offering a method for manufacturers to verify and claim their product’s environmental friendliness. Pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and single-use items, among others, are often subjects of these tests to ensure they do not damage the ecosystem post-consumption. These evaluations are critical in developing products that need to meet consumer expectations and adhere to increasingly stringent environmental standards.

As these tests have become a cornerstone of environmental certifications, they also serve as a tool for industries to competitively market their products to a growing sector of environmentally conscious consumers. Certification through biodegradability testing helps validate green marketing claims and differentiate products within the crowded marketplace, where sustainability adds significant value to a brand’s image. 

The Lifecycle of Biodegradable Materials

Biodegradable materials embark on a lifecycle journey that starts with sourcing raw materials and extends through production, consumption, and decomposition. The lifecycle analysis of a biodegradable material involves considering its impact from cradle to grave. Products from such materials are intended to leave minimal environmental traces upon disposal, contrasting sharply with non-biodegradable items that can remain in landfills for hundreds of years. The path to sustainable development beckons manufacturers to reflect on their material choices, prioritizing those that can seamlessly re-enter the natural ecological cycles without leaving harmful residues.

At the consumer end, there is a pressing need for products that will only persist in the environment after their usefulness has expired. Awareness around the lifecycle of products is rising, with educational campaigns and accessibility to information playing vital roles. People increasingly seek biodegradable options in everyday items such as packaging, tableware, and personal care products, demonstrating responsibility in their purchasing power. 

Industry Standards for Biodegradability

Industry standards are developed by recognized authorities such as ASTM International and ISO to set the benchmark for what constitutes a biodegradable product. These standards offer a common definition and test methods to validate biodegradability claims methodically. Companies engaging in green practices can thus obtain certifications like the “OK compost” label, assuring that their products comply with specific biodegradability standards and are suitable for industrial composting.

Adherence to these standards ensures ethical business practices and safeguards the consumer against false claims of sustainability. By complying with these global standards, businesses can transparently communicate their commitment to environmental stewardship while providing peace of mind to eco-conscious buyers. 

Environmental Impact of Non-Biodegradable Waste

Conversely, the environmental aftermath of non-biodegradable waste accumulation is calamitous. Such materials, typically composed of synthetic polymers, do not integrate into the natural degradation processes, leading to pollution that can span centuries. The proliferation of these materials in oceans and landfills directly results from global consumption patterns and an industrial preference for durability and low-cost production. Unfortunately, the collateral is significant environmental and health impacts, with plastic pollution being a prime example. Single-use plastics alone have led to a crisis of environmental waste, harming wildlife and marine ecosystems.

Consumer Awareness and Eco-Friendly Choices

Consumer preferences have evolved significantly with increasing education about the environmental impact of products. Many individuals are exercising their power to demand sustainable options, engaging in marketplace activism that prompts industries to consider their environmental responsibilities seriously. People are increasingly skilled at interpreting eco-friendly labels and understanding the difference between biodegradable, compostable, and recyclable claims. This knowledge elevates the collective consumer influence, pressing companies to validate their environmental claims and to invest in genuine sustainable solutions.

Technological Innovations in Biodegradability

Technological innovation is at the heart of the future of biodegradability, from the development of new biodegradable plastics to advances in testing methodologies. Researchers continue to explore alternatives to traditional plastics, focusing on materials derived from biomass like polylactic acid (PLA) or the intriguing potential of fungal mycelium as a base for packaging products. Scientific progress has made it possible to engineer materials with a predetermined shelf-life, strategically designed to degrade after fulfilling their purpose.

The evolution of biodegradability testing methods is equally critical. Technological advancements enable more meticulous and faster assessments of biodegradability, such as respirometry techniques that measure the CO2 evolution of materials under test conditions. These precision-oriented methodologies provide greater confidence in environmental claims and facilitate the development of products that align with sustainability principles.

Government Regulations and Biodegradation Protocols

Governmental policies and regulations lay the groundwork for comprehensive environmental protection measures, offering guidance and incentives for adopting biodegradable materials. In many regions, legislators are setting ambitious targets for waste reduction and mandating using recyclable or biodegradable materials. These directives aim to curb the detrimental effects of waste and phase out the reliance on non-biodegradable products that contribute to long-standing pollution problems.

Public education initiatives are crucial complements to these regulations, as they foster an informed populace that understands and supports sustainable practices. Biodegradation protocols also provide an infrastructure for waste management that aligns with environmental objectives, facilitating the breakdown of materials at their end of life in a manner that benefits rather than burdens the planet. Government action significantly shapes biodegradability, pressing industries to innovate and raising public consciousness about environmental stewardship.

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How Long Does 18 Holes of Golf Take? The Ultimate Guide

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How Long Does 18 Holes of Golf Take?

Golf is a game of patience, skill, and strategy—but nobody wants a round to drag on forever. Whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned player, understanding how long does 18 holes of golf take helps you plan your day, manage expectations, and even improve pace of play.

In this guide, we’ll break down:

  • The average time for 18 holes (and what influences it).
  • Key factors that speed up or slow down your game.
  • Proven tips to play efficiently without sacrificing enjoyment.
  • comparison chart of round times by skill level and course type.

Let’s tee off!

How Long Does 18 Holes of Golf Take on Average?

The PGA estimates that a professional round takes 4–4.5 hours, while recreational golfers average 4.5–5 hours for 18 holes. However, times vary widely based on:

  • Course difficulty: Tight fairways or tricky hazards add strokes (and minutes).
  • Group size: A solo player can finish in 3 hours, while a foursome may take 5+ hours.
  • Pace of play: Slow groups ahead or excessive practice swings delay everyone.
  • Course traffic: Weekends and peak times mean longer waits.

Real-World Data:

A 2024 study by the National Golf Foundation found:

  • Public courses: 4 hours 45 minutes (median).
  • Private clubs: 4 hours 15 minutes (less crowding).
  • Tournaments: 5+ hours due to strict rules and larger groups.

Pro Tip: Call the course ahead to ask about typical round times—some optimize layouts for faster play!

6 Factors That Affect How Long 18 Holes Takes

1. Skill Level

Beginners (30+ handicap) take 20% longer than low-handicap players. More strokes = more time.

Quick Fix: Practice pre-shot routines to reduce hesitation.

2. Course Layout

  • Walkable vs. cart-only: Walking adds ~30 minutes but boosts fitness.
  • Distance between holes: Long transitions eat up time.

3. Group Dynamics

  • Ready golf: Play when ready (even out of turn) to save 15–30 minutes.
  • Chatty players: Keep convos moving between shots.

4. Course Conditions

  • Slow greens: More putts = longer rounds.
  • Rough thickness: Harder to find balls = delays.

5. Time of Day

  • Early mornings: Fastest (fewer groups ahead).
  • Twilight: Slower (staff may rush you).

6. External Delays

  • Weather: Rain softens greens (slower putts).
  • Tournament prep: Courses may play longer before big events.

How to Play 18 Holes Faster (Without Rushing)

⛳ For Solo Golfers:

  • Skip the scorecard: Play casually to focus on speed.
  • Use a push cart: Faster than carrying clubs.

👥 For Groups:

  1. Limit practice swings: 1–2 max per shot.
  2. Park carts smartly: Near the next tee box.
  3. Watch others’ shots: Helps locate balls faster.

🏌️ For Courses:

  • Set interval timers: 10–12 minutes between tee times.
  • Offer “pace of play” tips: On scorecards or signage.

Case Study: Pinehurst Resort reduced average rounds by 22 minutes by training marshals to monitor slow groups.

Infographic: How Long Does 18 Holes Take? (By Player Type)

  • Solo player (3–3.5 hrs)
  • Twosome (3.5–4 hrs)
  • Foursome (4.5–5.5 hrs)
  • Tournament (5+ hrs) ]

Key Takeaways

  1. Plan for 4.5 hours minimum—add buffer time for busy courses.
  2. Play “ready golf” to save 30+ minutes per round.
  3. Walk efficiently or share a cart to cut transitions.

Final Thought: Enjoy the Game—At the Right Pace

Now that you know how long does 18 holes of golf take, use these tips to balance speed with fun. A faster round means more time for post-game drinks or an extra nine!

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